Raoult's law: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 14:58, 20 February 2012

Raoult's law

Physical law relating the change in vapor pressure of a liquid to the amount of solute dissolved in it.

The law states that P₀ - P = P₀x_i, where x_i is the mole fraction of the dissolved solute. The quantity P₀ - P is sometimes referred to as the vapor tension of the solution. Consequences of Raoult's law are the so-called colligative properties of solutions, that is, the depression of freezing and melting points of solutions relative to those of the pure solvent and osmotic pressure. Raoult's law is observed in everyday situations every winter when we put salt on sidewalks to melt the ice. This is simply a depression of the melting point associated with the dissolution of salt in water.

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-<div class="definition"><div class="short_definition">Physical law relating the change in [[vapor pressure]] of a liquid to the amount of solute  dissolved in it.</div><br/> <div class="paragraph">The law states that ''P''<sub>0</sub> &minus; ''P'' = ''P''<sub>0</sub>''x''<sub>''i''</sub>, where ''x''<sub>''i''</sub> is the [[mole fraction]] of the dissolved solute. The  quantity ''P''<sub>0</sub> &minus; ''P'' is sometimes referred to as the [[vapor tension]] of the solution. Consequences of  Raoult's law are the so-called colligative properties of solutions, that is, the depression of [[freezing]]  and [[melting points]] of solutions relative to those of the pure solvent and osmotic [[pressure]]. Raoult's  law is observed in everyday situations every winter when we put salt on sidewalks to melt the [[ice]].  This is simply a depression of the melting point associated with the dissolution of salt in water.</div><br/> </div>
+<div class="definition"><div class="short_definition">Physical law relating the change in [[vapor pressure]] of a liquid to the amount of solute  dissolved in it.</div><br/> <div class="paragraph">The law states that ''P''<sub>0</sub> - ''P'' = ''P''<sub>0</sub>''x''<sub>''i''</sub>, where ''x''<sub>''i''</sub> is the [[mole fraction]] of the dissolved solute. The  quantity ''P''<sub>0</sub> - ''P'' is sometimes referred to as the [[vapor tension]] of the solution. Consequences of  Raoult's law are the so-called colligative properties of solutions, that is, the depression of [[freezing]]  and [[melting points]] of solutions relative to those of the pure solvent and osmotic [[pressure]]. Raoult's  law is observed in everyday situations every winter when we put salt on sidewalks to melt the [[ice]].  This is simply a depression of the melting point associated with the dissolution of salt in water.</div><br/> </div>
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