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| | | #REDIRECT: [[Hailstone]] |
| #REDIRECT [[hailstone]] | |
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| == hailstone ==
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| <div class="definition"><div class="short_definition">A single unit of [[hail]], ranging in size from that of a pea to that of a grapefruit (i.e., from 5 mm to more than 15 cm in diameter). </div><br/> <div class="paragraph">Hailstones may be spheroidal, conical, or generally irregular in shape. The spheroidal stones often exhibit a layered internal structure, with layers of [[ice]] containing many air bubbles alternating with layers of relatively [[clear ice]]. These probably correspond to [[dry growth]] and [[wet growth]] and are called [[rime]] and [[glaze]], respectively. The conical stones fall with their bases downward without much tumbling and are often smaller and not as layered. Irregular hailstones often have a lobate structure and are not composed of smaller hailstones frozen together. Hailstones grow by [[accretion]] of [[supercooled water]] drops and sometimes also by [[accretion]] of minor amounts of small ice particles. Large hail may contain liquid water and be spongy (an intimate mixture of ice and water) in some regions; it is usually solid ice with [[density]] greater than 0.8 g cm<sup>-3</sup>. Small hail may be indistinguishable from large [[graupel]] ([[snow pellets]]) except for the convention that hail must be larger than 5 mm in diameter. The [[density]] of [[small hail]] can be much less than 0.8 g cm<sup>-3</sup> if they are dry; if partly melted such hailstones become spongy. The largest recorded hailstone in the United States fell in a [[hailstorm]] in Coffeyville, Kansas on 3 September 1970. It weighed 766 g, had a longest dimension about 15 cm, and had protrusions (lobes) several centimeters long on one side that formed as it grew.</div><br/> </div>
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